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Review of Systems (ROS)

The Review of Systems (ROS) is an inventory of specific body systems performed by the physician in the process of taking a history from the patient. The ROS is designed to bring out clinical symptoms which the patient may have overlooked or forgotten. In theory, the ROS may illuminate the diagnosis by eliciting information which the patient may not perceive as being important enough to mention to the physician. The rules for documenting the ROS are identical for both the 1995 and 1997 E/M guidelines.

There are fourteen individual systems recognized by the E/M guidelines:
  1. Constitutional (e.g., fever, weight loss)
  2. Eyes
  3. Ears, Nose, Mouth, Throat
  4. Cardiovascular
  5. Respiratory
  6. Gastrointestinal
  7. Genitourinary
  8. Musculoskeletal
  9. Integumentary (skin and/or breast)
  10. Neurological
  11. Psychiatric
  12. Endocrine
  13. Hematologic/Lymphatic
  14. Allergic/Immunologic

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