- Goal of Nursing To identify types of demands placed on client and client’s adaptation to them Framework for practice Adaptation model based on four adaptive modes; physiological, psychological, sociological, and independence.
- Sister Callista Roy’s adaptation model had its inception in 1964 when as a graduate student she was challenged by nursing faculty member Dorothy E. Johnson to develop a conceptual model for nursing practice. Roy’s model drew heavily on the work of Harry Helson, a physiologic psychologist (Roy, 1980). The Roy adaptation model is generally considered a "systerms" model; however, it also includes elements of an "interactional" model. The model was developed specifically for the individual client, but it can be adapted to families and to communities (Roy, 1983). Roy states (Clements and Roberts, 1983) that "just as the person as an adaptive system has input, output. and internal processes so too the family can be described from this perspective."
- Basic to Roy’s model are three concepts: the human being, adaptation, and nursing. The human being is viewed as a biopsychosocial being who is continually interacting with the environment. The human being’s goal through this interaction is adaptation. According to Roy and Roberts (1981, p. 43), ‘The person has two major internal processing subsystems, the regulator and the cognator." These subsystems are the mechanisms used by human beings to cope with stimuli from the internal and external environment. The regulator mechanism works primarily through the autonomic nervous system and includes endocrine, neural, and perception pathways. This mechanism prepares the individual for coping with environmental stimuli. The cognator mechanism includes emotions, perceptual/information processing, learning, and judgment. The process of perception bridges the two mechanisms (Roy and Roberts, 1981).
Roy's Model of Nursing : Goals of Nursing
Goals of Nursing